Attention-Deficit/ HyperactivityDisorder (ADHD) – Fact Sheet

What is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a developmental disability defined by problems with attention, hyperactivity, or impulse control that occurs in more than one setting, like home, school, and weekend activities.  

How many children are affected?

ADHD affects 11.4% of children aged 3-17 years in the United States – about 7 million children. Boys are almost twice as likely to be diagnosed with ADHD as girls (15% vs. 8%). 

What critical programs ensure care?

  • Medicaid supports physical health and mental health care for about half of all children with special healthcare needs like ADHD. 
  • Public schools provide critical special education support under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and accommodations through Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. 

What does the evidence say?

  • There are very effective treatments for ADHD, including behavioral intervention, school support and medication, yet families struggle to access them. 
  • Nearly one-third of children who need ADHD treatment do not receive it.  
  • Early diagnosis and treatment can improve life outcomes for people with ADHD. Giving children the support they need helps them reach their full potential and reduces long-term healthcare costs. 

Research Support and More Information

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